Suicide: warning signs, how to help and ways to cope
Suicide means a person ending their own life. It is a serious public health issue that deeply affects not only the person, but also their family, friends and community. Many people who think about suicide are living with mental health problems such as depression, but not always; life crises, loss, financial or relationship problems, and alcohol and drug use can also play a part. The good news is that suicide is preventable, and getting help works.
Warning signs
These signs may mean someone is thinking about suicide, especially if they are new or getting worse:
- Talking about death, wanting to die, or being "a burden" on others
- Feeling deeply hopeless, or that there is no way out
- Withdrawing from friends, family and activities
- Big changes in mood or sleep
- Drinking more alcohol or using more drugs
- Giving away possessions or saying goodbye to people
- Risky or reckless behaviour
If you are worried about someone
- Ask directly: "Are you thinking about suicide?" Research shows that asking does not increase the risk, and it can open up the conversation.
- Listen without judgement and take what they say seriously.
- If they are in immediate danger, do not leave them alone, and call 000.
- Help them contact Lifeline, a GP or a mental health professional.
- Follow up after the conversation and check in with them again.
Ways to cope and reduce risk
These do not replace professional help, but they can help alongside treatment:
Professional help
- Talking with a GP, counsellor or psychologist
- Continuing treatment and taking medication as your doctor advises
- Group therapy and support groups
- Noticing the signs of mental health conditions and following up on treatment
Connecting with others
- Talking with a friend or a trusted family member
- Building your social network, and joining cultural, religious or education groups
- Helping others and volunteering
- Spending time with pets
Looking after yourself
- Regular exercise and physical activity
- Breathing and relaxation exercises
- Healthy eating and regular sleep
- Avoiding alcohol and drugs, because they increase the risk of suicide
- Music, art, comedy, or watching a film with others
- Writing down things you are grateful for
Changing thoughts and surroundings
- Noticing and challenging unhelpful thoughts, for example with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)
- Learning skills to manage emotions and adapt to change
- Staying away from harmful environments and relationships
- Finding meaning and purpose in life
A safety plan
A safety plan is a short written plan, best prepared with the help of a professional. In it you write down your own warning signs, the things that calm you, the people you can contact, crisis line numbers, and how to keep dangerous items out of reach. Having this plan helps in difficult moments.